一、漏洞概述
2月12日，绿盟科技CERT监测到微软发布2月安全更新补丁，修复了63个安全问题，涉及Windows、Microsoft Office、Azure、Apps、Microsoft Visual Studio等广泛使用的产品，其中包括权限提升、远程代码执行等高危漏洞类型。
本月微软月度更新修复的漏洞中，严重程度为关键（Critical）的漏洞有4个，重要
（Important）漏洞有56个。其中包括2个已检测到在野利用的漏洞：
Windows Storage权限提升漏洞（CVE-2025-21391）
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock权限提升漏洞（CVE-2025-21418）
请相关用户尽快更新补丁进行防护，完整漏洞列表请参考附录。
参考链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-us/releaseNote/2025-Feb
二、重点漏洞简述
根据产品流行度和漏洞重要性筛选出此次更新中包含影响较大的漏洞，请相关用户重点进行关注：
Windows辅助功能驱动程序的WinSock权限提升漏洞（CVE-2025-21418）：
Windows辅助功能驱动程序的WinSock中存在权限提升漏洞，由于Winsock的辅助函数驱动程序存在边界错误，经过身份验证的本地攻击者可以触发堆缓冲区溢出，从而获得系统的SYSTEM权限。该漏洞已存在在野利用，CVSS评分7.8。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21418
Windows存储权限提升漏洞（CVE-2025-21391）：
Windows存储中存在权限提升漏洞，由于Windows存储中的不正确链接解析，本地攻击者可以在目标系统上以SYSTEM权限执行代码，删除任意文件。该漏洞已存在在野利用，CVSS评分7.1。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21391
Windows轻量级目录访问协议(LDAP)远程代码执行漏洞（CVE-2025-21376）:
Windows LDAP存在远程代码执行漏洞，未经身份验证的攻击者通过发送特制的LDAP请求，赢得竞争条件后可导致缓冲区溢出，在目标系统上执行任意代码。CVSS评分为8.1。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21376
Microsoft Excel远程代码执行漏洞（CVE-2025-21381）:
Microsoft Excel存在远程代码执行漏洞，由于Microsoft Excel中的不可信指针解引用，远程攻击者通过诱导受害者打开特制的excel文件，从而在目标系统上执行任意代码。CVSS评分为7.8。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21381
DHCP客户端服务远程代码执行漏洞（CVE-2025-21379）:
DHCP客户端服务存在远程代码执行漏洞，由于DHCP客户端服务中的释放后重利用问题，本地网络中的攻击者可以进行中间人攻击，从而可在目标系统上以SYSTEM权限执行代码。CVSS评分为7.1。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21379
NTLM哈希泄露欺骗漏洞（CVE-2025-21377）:
NTLM存在哈希泄露欺骗漏洞，攻击者可以通过欺骗用户点击特殊的链接来获得NTLMV2哈希，从而利用此哈希以该用户的身份登录系统。该漏洞已公开披露，CVSS评分为6.5。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21377
Microsoft SharePoint Server远程代码执行漏洞（CVE-2025-21400）:
Microsoft SharePoint Server存在远程代码执行漏洞，由于Microsoft SharePoint服务器中的不当授权，攻击者可以欺骗受害者客户端连接到恶意服务器，从而在目标系统上执行任意代码。CVSS评分为8.0。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21400
Windows 磁盘清理工具权限提升漏洞（CVE-2025-21420）：
Windows 磁盘清理工具中存在权限提升漏洞，由于Windows 磁盘清理工具中存在不正确链接解析，本地攻击者可以利用漏洞获得目标系统的SYSTEM权限。CVSS评分7.8。
官方通告链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21420
三、影响范围
以下为部分重点关注漏洞的受影响产品版本，其他漏洞影响产品范围请参阅官方通告链接。
| 漏洞编号 | 受影响产品版本 |
| CVE-2025-21418
CVE-2025-21376 CVE-2025-21377 |
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)
Windows Server 2025 Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2019 Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2016 Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems |
| CVE-2025-21391 | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)
Windows Server 2016 Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems Windows Server 2025 Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2019 Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems |
| CVE-2025-21381 | Microsoft Excel 2016 (64-bit edition)
Microsoft Excel 2016 (32-bit edition) Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2024 Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 for 64-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC 2024 for 32-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 for 32-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC 2021 for 64-bit editions Microsoft Office LTSC for Mac 2021 Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise for 64-bit Systems Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise for 32-bit Systems Microsoft Office 2019 for 64-bit editions Microsoft Office 2019 for 32-bit editions Office Online Server |
| CVE-2025-21379 | Windows Server 2025
Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
| CVE-2025-21400 | Microsoft SharePoint Server Subscription Edition
Microsoft SharePoint Server 2019 Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 |
| CVE-2025-21420 | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)
Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems Windows Server 2016 Windows 10 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems Windows Server 2025 Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows Server 2019 Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) Windows Server 2022 Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) |
四、漏洞防护
-
- 补丁更新
目前微软官方已针对受支持的产品版本发布了修复以上漏洞的安全补丁，强烈建议受影响用户尽快安装补丁进行防护，官方下载链接：
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-us/releaseNote/2025-Feb
注：由于网络问题、计算机环境问题等原因，Windows Update的补丁更新可能出现失败。用户在安装补丁后，应及时检查补丁是否成功更新。
右键点击Windows图标，选择“设置(N)”，选择“更新和安全”-“Windows更新”，查看该页面上的提示信息，也可点击“查看更新历史记录”查看历史更新情况。
针对未成功安装的更新，可点击更新名称跳转到微软官方下载页面，建议用户点击该页面上的链接，转到“Microsoft更新目录”网站下载独立程序包并安装。
附录：漏洞列表
| 影响产品 | CVE编号 | 漏洞标题 | 严重程度 |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21376 | Windows Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) 远程代码执行漏洞 | Critical |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21379 | DHCP Client Service 远程代码执行漏洞 | Critical |
| Microsoft Dynamics | CVE-2025-21177 | Microsoft Dynamics 365 Sales 权限提升漏洞 | Critical |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21381 | Microsoft Excel 远程代码执行漏洞 | Critical |
| Azure | CVE-2025-21188 | Azure Network Watcher VM Extension 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Visual Studio | CVE-2025-21206 | Visual Studio Installer 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21351 | Windows Active Directory Domain Services API 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21352 | Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21368 | Microsoft Digest Authentication 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21369 | Microsoft Digest Authentication 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21375 | Kernel Streaming WOW Thunk Service Driver 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21383 | Microsoft Excel 信息披露漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21182 | Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Deduplication Service 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21183 | Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Deduplication Service 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21391 | Windows Storage 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21418 | Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21419 | Windows Setup Files Cleanup 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21420 | Windows Disk Cleanup Tool 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-24036 | Microsoft AutoUpdate (MAU) 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Visual Studio Code | CVE-2025-24039 | Visual Studio Code 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Apps | CVE-2025-21259 | Microsoft Outlook 欺骗漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2025-21342 | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2025-21279 | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2025-21283 | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2025-21408 | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Device | CVE-2025-21194 | Microsoft Surface 安全功能绕过漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21208 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21406 | Windows Telephony Service 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21407 | Windows Telephony Service 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21410 | Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21190 | Windows Telephony Service 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21200 | Windows Telephony Service 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21201 | Windows Telephony Server 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21337 | Windows NTFS 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21347 | Windows Deployment Services 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21349 | Windows Remote Desktop Configuration Service 篡改漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21350 | Windows Kerberos 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21358 | Windows Core Messaging Elevation of Privileges Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21359 | Windows Kernel 安全功能绕过漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21367 | Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21371 | Windows Telephony Service 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21377 | NTLM Hash Disclosure 欺骗漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21386 | Microsoft Excel 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21387 | Microsoft Excel 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21390 | Microsoft Excel 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21392 | Microsoft Office 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21394 | Microsoft Excel 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21397 | Microsoft Office 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Office | CVE-2025-21400 | Microsoft SharePoint Server 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21179 | DHCP Client Service 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21181 | Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21184 | Windows Core Messaging Elevation of Privileges Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21212 | Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21216 | Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21254 | Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) 拒绝服务漏洞 | Important |
| Apps | CVE-2025-21322 | Microsoft PC Manager 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21414 | Windows Core Messaging Elevation of Privileges Vulnerability | Important |
| Windows | CVE-2025-21373 | Windows Installer 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Visual Studio Code – JS Debug Extension | CVE-2025-24042 | Visual Studio Code JS Debug Extension 权限提升漏洞 | Important |
| Azure | CVE-2025-21198 | Microsoft High Performance Compute (HPC) Pack 远程代码执行漏洞 | Important |
| Microsoft Edge for iOS,Microsoft Edge for Android | CVE-2025-21253 | Microsoft Edge for IOS and Android 欺骗漏洞 | Moderate |
| Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2025-21267 | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) 欺骗漏洞 | Low |
| Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2025-21404 | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) 欺骗漏洞 | Low |
声明
本安全公告仅用来描述可能存在的安全问题，绿盟科技不为此安全公告提供任何保证或承诺。由于传播、利用此安全公告所提供的信息而造成的任何直接或者间接的后果及损失，均由使用者本人负责，绿盟科技以及安全公告作者不为此承担任何责任。
绿盟科技拥有对此安全公告的修改和解释权。如欲转载或传播此安全公告，必须保证此安全公告的完整性，包括版权声明等全部内容。未经绿盟科技允许，不得任意修改或者增减此安全公告内容，不得以任何方式将其用于商业目的。